Bra invented - The first bra-type garment may have originated in ancient Minoan society in the 1400s B.C.E., today Greece. Here, women used a strip of fabric across their chests …

 
Jan 6, 2007 · Nor did Hans Delving, nor Philippe de Brassiere. They are all fictitious characters invented by Canadian author Wallace Reyburn for his wholly satirical “history” of the brassiere published in 1972, Bust-Up: The Uplifting Tale of Otto Titzling and the Development of the Bra. Reyburn based the names on crude, if memorable, puns – Otto ... . Shop heb

Mar 5, 2017 · But this eccentric entrepreneur wasn't done shaping the world just yet. At 29, Polly was heartbroken over her failing marriage to Richard R. Peabody, a WWI veteran who'd turned away from his wife ... Playtex has been a trusted name in the lingerie industry for decades, and their bras are known for their exceptional fit and comfort. If you’re looking to update your lingerie coll...The original inventor of the bra was Herminie Cadolle. She was a French inventor and she designed the original bra in 1889. Cadolle invented this undergarment …You may like. TikTok video from sunsseason (@sunsseason): "👍A 70-year-old grandmother designed a bra for elderly women that is popular all over the world.🙌". original sound - sunsseason.Oct 5, 2018 · The feminists started to protest against bras because they believed that the bras were actually torture devices for women. Thus, in 1977, Lisa Lindahl invented the first sports bra and called her Jogbra. The New York Magazine said that it was the first bra that was created with movement, and athleticism, with keeping the women specifically in mind. The Claire is another phenomenal everyday comfort bra for older women. Its simplicity says it all: smooth supportive dual-layer soft cups, no slip straps, and a wirefree comfort band can’t be beat. The sleek design of this bra helps smooth lose skin 360 degrees. The Bettie latex-free bra offers both support and a comfortable option for ...Feb 1, 2562 BE ... The first modern brassiere to receive a patent was the one invented in 1913 by a New York socialite named Mary Phelps Jacob.Oct 8, 2020 · And the Wonderbra was invented in the 1960s, though it took several decades to really catch on. But the hippies of the ‘60s weren’t down with boob shapers. They became rather famous for not wearing any. In 1965, designer Rudi Gernreich took the trend for softer undies and invented his “no bra” bra. Sep 25, 2022 · In 1947, Frederick Mellinger invented the padded bra. He was the creator of the iconic lingerie brand, Frederick’s of Hollywood. Not only is he credited with the first padded bra, but he took it to the next level with the push-up bra a year later. History of bras. Snake Goddess from ancient Crete, with the breasts supported by a fitted corset-like garment, c. 1600 BCE. Y-shaped breast bands on a bronze statue of Artemis, (mid-4th century BCE). Aphrodite in a gold "bikini"; Roman copy of a Hellenistic statue, Pompeii. See moreAn Israeli plastic surgeon invented Orbix, an ‘internal bra’ to help heavy breasts fight the pull of gravity. Image via Shutterstock.com. By Abigail Klein Leichman. March 27, 2014, Updated April 1, 2014 . Print; ... Made in Israel. Mazel says the Orbix product could be used in some 1 million procedures every year, with Europe representing ...The Grandmother of Invention Like millions of women, Lisa Gable was often frustrated by falling bra straps. So, at age 70, she designed a solution and launched an intimate apparel company.As of 2014, the largest natural breast bra size on record is 102ZZZ, according to MadameNoire.com. The largest breast implant bra size on record is 164XXX. The intimate apparel ret...While a 600-year-old prototype of a bra was recently found in a castle in Austria, credit for inventing the first “modern” bra goes to French designer Herminie Cadolle, who cut a corset into ...According to bra industry statistics, the average bra size has jumped from 34B to 36C in a single generation, partly because Americans, overall, are getting larger. Women with larger breasts often ...Also this year, the early sports bra is famously made from a couple of jockstraps sewn together, just in time for the growing popularity of jogging. 1990 – Madonna brings torpedoes back for her Blonde Ambition tour after donning a cone-shaped bra by Jean Paul Gaultier. 2013 – ThirdLove launches the 24/7™ Classic T-Shirt Bra, and with it ...The 'jog bra' was invented in 1977 by Lisa Lindahl, leading the way for all our future sports bras. The 1980s: In the 80s, bras broke the glass ceiling. They became a fashion centerpiece, not just something to be worn underneath your clothes. With the help of Jean Paul Gaultier, Madonna shocked the public when she wore a missile bra as a top ...The 'jog bra' was invented in 1977 by Lisa Lindahl, leading the way for all our future sports bras. The 1980s: In the 80s, bras broke the glass ceiling. They became a fashion centerpiece, not just something to be worn underneath your clothes. With the help of Jean Paul Gaultier, Madonna shocked the public when she wore a missile bra as a top ...Songfacts®: This humorous ditty tells the story of Otto Titsling (as in "tit-sling"), a German who, according to legend, invented the bra, only to have his designs stolen by a Frenchman named M. de Brassière, who got all the glory and became the namesake of the brassière. The source of this legend is a spoof book called Bust-Up: The ...The first commercially available sports bra was the "Free Swing Tennis Bra" introduced by Glamorise Foundations, Inc. in 1975. The first general exercise bra, initially called a "jockbra", was invented in 1977 by Lisa Lindahl and theater costume designer Polly Smith with the help of Smith's assistant, Hinda Schreiber. Both Lindahl and her ...Bacalhau à Brás ( Portuguese pronunciation: [bɐkɐˈʎaw a ˈβɾaʃ], meaning "salt cod in the style of Brás") is a Portuguese dish made from shreds of salted cod ( bacalhau ), onions and thinly chopped (matchstick-sized) fried potatoes, all bound with eggs. [1] [2] It is usually garnished with black olives and sprinkled with fresh flat ...Also this year, the early sports bra is famously made from a couple of jockstraps sewn together, just in time for the growing popularity of jogging. 1990 – Madonna brings torpedoes back for her Blonde Ambition tour after donning a cone-shaped bra by Jean Paul Gaultier. 2013 – ThirdLove launches the 24/7™ Classic T-Shirt Bra, and with it ...The sports bra and the business I built around it turned out to birth a multi-billion dollar industry and significantly impact women’s sports. But it turned out to only be the start. Women’s ...The feminists started to protest against bras because they believed that the bras were actually torture devices for women. Thus, in 1977, Lisa Lindahl invented the first sports bra and called her Jogbra. The New York Magazine said that it was the first bra that was created with movement, and athleticism, with keeping the women specifically in mind.Meet the woman who invented the sports bra. Palmer-Smith and Lindahl in the original Jogbra ad, which listed Lindahl’s home address and phone number for orders, from the late 1970s. An amateur runner, Lisa Lindahl, was sick and tired of being uncomfortable while exercising. Bouncing boobs hurt. So she created the Jogbra, …Nov 15, 2000 · Claim: Claim: The brassiere was invented by Otto Titzling. FALSE. Origins: The realm of popular wisdom is replete with well-traveled factoids that found their way into our culture via a deliberate ... If you have problems with your bras showing when you wear tight fitting tops and t-shirts, you need to change your bras rather than overhauling your wardrobe. T-shirt bras are the ...Bacalhau à Brás ( Portuguese pronunciation: [bɐkɐˈʎaw a ˈβɾaʃ], meaning "salt cod in the style of Brás") is a Portuguese dish made from shreds of salted cod ( bacalhau ), onions and thinly chopped (matchstick-sized) fried potatoes, all bound with eggs. [1] [2] It is usually garnished with black olives and sprinkled with fresh flat ...Jul 27, 2560 BE ... A bra is just one of the many garments that women have used to cover or modify the appearance of their breasts. The corset was once the sole ...Aug 22, 2014 · Charles L Langs invented the first wireless, strapless and backless bras in 1948. His new brassieres, called Poses, were glued together and could even be worn on the beach 1914: The First Modern Bra is Invented. New York City socialite Mary Phelps Jacob invented and patented the first modern bra using two silk handkerchiefs and a …Changing the game: Sports bra inventor led charge for more research on epilepsy in women ... After inventing the first commercial sports bra in the 1970s, Lisa ...Jogbra. Lisa Lindahl (née Eugénie Louise Zobian; born November 23, 1948) is an American entrepreneur, writer, and inventor. In 1977, Lisa Lindahl co-created the "Jogbra", the first sports bra, working alongside Hinda Miller and Polly Smith. She was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 2022.. Lindahl was also involved with the Epilepsy Foundation, where she …In 1961, “The Original Car Bra” was invented when three German engineers walked into Bill's Upholstery Shop, asking Bill Colgan if he would redesign a protective cover for their personal Porsches. The very first pattern was for the Porsche 356. For years stretchable black vinyl car bras were the only option for protecting automotive paint ...The invention of the sports bra can be attributed to the ingenuity and determination of a few remarkable women who recognized the need for a specialized undergarment for active women. Their efforts revolutionized the world of sports and ushered in a new era of comfort, support, and freedom for women participating in physical activities.Jun 4, 2021 · Get your👉https://www.summerishop.com/products/%F0%9F%94%A5ultimate-lift-stretch-sora-bra%F0%9F%94%A5 Her invention is the most widely recognized as the predecessor to the modern bra and consequently the nursing bra. In October 1932, the S.H. Camp and Company correlated breast size and the degree they sag to letters of the alphabet, A, B, C, and D. Camp's advertising featured letter-labeled profiles of breasts in the February 1933 issue of ...Aug 22, 2014 · Charles L Langs invented the first wireless, strapless and backless bras in 1948. His new brassieres, called Poses, were glued together and could even be worn on the beach Do you know how to think of an invention? Find out how to think of an invention in this article from HowStuffWorks. Advertisement Thinking of an invention means knowing what questi...Jul 24, 2018 · Vogue Reports the First Brassiere 1907. Bra history began as far back as Cretan times, but 1907, was the year when the word brassiere was first reported in an American copy of Vogue. The original French meaning was support, but the word was out of use and the French chose to call a bra soutien-gorge. Cretan women wore bras thousands of years ago. So in 1914, Mary Phelps Jacobs invented of the bra we know and love and loathe today. An early bra. Mary Phelps Jacobs made her first bra by sewing together two handkerchiefs and some ribbon, then patenting it as the “backless brassiere.”. She sold her patent, and later manufacturers would add more structure, underwire, and padding, but ... Born Nov. 23, 1948. Lisa Lindahl, Hinda Miller and Polly Smith invented the first sports bra: the Jogbra ®. This groundbreaking invention removed a barrier to participation in athletics, advanced women’s health and launched a global industry. Lindahl grew up in Montclair, New Jersey, where she met her lifelong friend and co-inventor Smith. fabric. Made from recycled water bottles, our Compressive fabric contains 79% RPET and 21% spandex. · to take care · what's sustainable? · features ·...When it comes to finding the perfect bra that offers both comfort and support, Playtex is a brand that has been trusted by women for decades. With their official site, Playtex make...Jan 9, 2023 · The first documented bra was created in 1859 by German inventor Christine Hardt. This prototype consisted of two handkerchiefs sewn together and tied around the neck. In 1889, Herminie Cadolle from France invented the modern bra, which was designed to separate and lift the breasts. Oct 25, 2560 BE ... While it's difficult to pinpoint the exact date the bra was invented, the Greeks were the first to design a garment specifically for restraining ...Buy Recycled: padded underwire bra made of microfibre online at ESPRIT ✓ Discover the latest trends 2023 ✓ Fast shipping ✓ Free return.Embrance organic cotton GOTS bra was created for women with fuller breasts. Check it out and fall in love with the comfort!As of 2014, the largest natural breast bra size on record is 102ZZZ, according to MadameNoire.com. The largest breast implant bra size on record is 164XXX. The intimate apparel ret...The first modern brassiere was created by Mary Phelps Jacob. She patented her design, and now the brassiere is a standard part of nearly every modern woman’s wardrobe. Jacob came up with the idea for her brassiere after she bought an evening gown for an event that she was planning to attend. At the time, women wore corsets stiffened with ...The “bikini girl” mosaic from the Villa Romana del Casale in Sicily, dated to the 4th century AD, shows a series of young women wearing supportive fabric bandeau tops while engaged in sporting activities. But the modern “bra” as we know it today – made up of two cups, a chest bandeau and shoulder straps, the word shortened from the ...Jul 27, 2560 BE ... A bra is just one of the many garments that women have used to cover or modify the appearance of their breasts. The corset was once the sole ...The Wonderbra is a type of push-up underwire brassiere that gained worldwide prominence in the 1990s. Although the Wonderbra name was first trademarked in the U.S. in 1955, the brand was developed in Canada.Moses (Moe) Nadler, founder and majority owner of the Canadian Lady Corset Company, licensed the trademark for the Canadian market in …1869: The Split Corset. In 1869, the first “official” bra was created by the French designer Herminie Cadolle. She created this bra by splitting a corset into two parts: A top to … A few years later, in 1933, Frederick Mellinger came up with the ‘Little Wonder’ bra. It was an attempt to bring sex appeal back into bras – it had a zipper front and was advertised as something women would want to wear. The next big thing was brought by Warner who introduced push-up bras in 1955. The invention of the sports bra can be attributed to the ingenuity and determination of a few remarkable women who recognized the need for a specialized undergarment for active women. Their efforts revolutionized the world of sports and ushered in a new era of comfort, support, and freedom for women participating in physical activities.Vogue traces the fashion history of the bra, from its free-the-corset beginnings in the Victorian age, to the feminist bra burning of the 1960s, to 21st century Victoria’s Secret Angels. Fabric has been used for centuries to hold up women’s breasts. The “bikini girl” mosaic from the Villa Romana del Casale in Sicily, dated to the 4th ...The Mexican student, now 18, designed a bra that alerts wearers to possible early signs of cancer using sensors that map the surface of the breast and surrounding areas. Cantu's innovation just ...Bra-like garments go back to Ancient Egypt—Polly wasn’t the first to create one. In 1859, Henry S. Lesher invented a “breast pad and perspiration shield,” though …fabric. Made from recycled water bottles, our Compressive fabric contains 79% RPET and 21% spandex. · to take care · what's sustainable? · features ·...They had already invented the hooded sweatshirt in the 30s for winter workers. But in the 1970s, Champion began supplying basketball teams they sponsored with hoodies to wear on the bench or during practice. ... In 1977, they invented the first ever sports bra, by sewing two jockstraps together, putting new straps on it and attaching an ...Julian Rios Cantu, a student from Mexico, has reportedly developed a bra which can detect signs of breast cancer - early enough that the chances of a full recovery are far higher. Oh and, he's 18. Cantu's invention was inspired by his mother, whose cancer resulted in a double mastectomy. Cantu and his three friends formed the company Higia ...Aug 8, 2018 · Meet the woman who invented the sports bra. Palmer-Smith and Lindahl in the original Jogbra ad, which listed Lindahl’s home address and phone number for orders, from the late 1970s. An amateur runner, Lisa Lindahl, was sick and tired of being uncomfortable while exercising. Bouncing boobs hurt. So she created the Jogbra, launching a $7 ... May 18, 2563 BE ... Band size was made adjustable through a hook closure at the back as underwired and push up bras made their way onto the market. The marketing ...Push-up bras have padding typically made from foam. On the other hand, water bras have padding made with a mixture of water and oil. Additional Water Bra Materials. While water and oil are the most common fillers, newer bras made with a gel substance tend to be thicker than the water bras from the 2000s.Bra-like garments go back to Ancient Egypt—Polly wasn’t the first to create one. In 1859, Henry S. Lesher invented a “breast pad and perspiration shield,” though …Nov 5, 2014 · This year marks the 100-year anniversary of the first bra patent. Amazingly for the time – 1914 – it was made by a woman in her twenties, Mary (Polly) Phelps Jacob (nee Crosby). Polly made her ... Created from twenty-six separate pieces, this was a lightly padded bra that separated and uplifted each breast to offer a décolletage of impressive grandeur with increased comfort for the wearer. Improvements in manufacture, in the use of man-made fibres such as Lycra, and in marketing a constantly changing range of styles and colours, …The bra has seen several innovations since its creation, driven by the fashions and needs of the day. The 1940s brought the bullet or torpedo bra into fashion. Hollywood actresses showed of their pointed shape under form-fitting sweaters. Maternity and nursing bras, invented in 1943, came to be as a result of the baby boom.May 18, 2563 BE ... Band size was made adjustable through a hook closure at the back as underwired and push up bras made their way onto the market. The marketing ...Jan 3, 2023 · Bras of the 1940s tended to be full coverage, says Boston College. Indeed, many were "longline," meaning the bottom band was located some distance from the true bottom of the bust. Perhaps most notably, bras of the 1940s focused on separating the breasts, rather than pushing them together to create cleavage. The corset was initially split into two pieces by Herminie Cadolle and she sold them as separates in 1905. However, Mary Phelps Jacobs, who never received credit for design, invented the first modern bra in 1913. After selling her patent to the Warner Brothers Corset Company, sales skyrocketed, so she never earned the financial rewards of her ...Oct 5, 2018 · The feminists started to protest against bras because they believed that the bras were actually torture devices for women. Thus, in 1977, Lisa Lindahl invented the first sports bra and called her Jogbra. The New York Magazine said that it was the first bra that was created with movement, and athleticism, with keeping the women specifically in mind. The world of fashion was never the same after that. The bra never ceased to evolve. In 1964, designer Louise Poirier for the Canadian company Canadelle invented the Wonderbra, the “miraculous” bra that became famous in the 1990s. In 1977, the “jockbra” was invented by Lisa Lindahl. She and her sister loved running, but it was uncomfortable.Evolution of the bra. Advertisement. 1914 Mary Phelps Jacob patents her bra (possibly the first to use the name brassiere). 1917 Bras get a boost from the U.S. government’s decision to ration ...6 days ago · This garment was the first “official” bra as we know it today. But alas, the bra was not actually “invented” in the 1900’s. Bras have been supporting, shaping an upholding breasts for ages…literally. In fact, the first bras date all the way back to ancient Greece. Back then they didn’t have fancy straps, clasps and padding. Regardless of cup size, this bra made our girls look perky, while feeling practically weightless. To begin, the material feels (and looks) impossibly soft. The combination of polyamide and ...Born Nov. 23, 1948. Lisa Lindahl, Hinda Miller and Polly Smith invented the first sports bra: the Jogbra ®. This groundbreaking invention removed a barrier to participation in athletics, advanced women’s health and launched a global industry. Lindahl grew up in Montclair, New Jersey, where she met her lifelong friend and co-inventor Smith.Sports bras often have difficulty with fabric breathing. This new bra invention features technology by SANKOM which supports each breast individually. It also provides better alignment and comfort when worn. First, it is suitable for wearing both every day and during training. Second, the Sankom bra combines aesthetic and medical …Jul 27, 2560 BE ... A bra is just one of the many garments that women have used to cover or modify the appearance of their breasts. The corset was once the sole ... By: Olin Wade (Remodel or Move Stuff) The modern bra was invented in the early 1900’s by Mary Phelps Jacob, who was a New York City socialite. She lived in a time when a woman’s undergarment of choice was the corset, which she found to be very uncomfortable and restrictive. She wanted an alternative to the corset that was more comfortable ... Gone are the days of bras in ribbons, ticking and made of metal, manufactured by Herminie for the famous spy Mata Hari. 1949. THE NEIMAN MARCUS AWARD. Several ...The Comfort Revolution wireless bra is designed to provide optimal comfort and support for all-day wear. Made from high-quality 94% nylon and 6% spandex fabric, it features moisture-wicking Cool Comfort technology that ensures you stay cool and dry throughout the day.

Sep 17, 2021 · In a pinch, 19-year-old party girl Caresse Crosby invented the bra and changed women's wear forever. It’s the turn of the 20th century and you’re getting ready for a formal party. If you’re like most women, you’d suck it up and don a corset. If you’re Polly Crosby, however, you’d muster up some nearby fabric and create an article of ... . Best free diet app

bra invented

The famous Cross Your Heart bra was created in the 1960s and quickly became a firm favourite amongst women for its iconic X-chest construction that separates and lifts the breasts whilst ensuring the perfect fit. In this way, What is Playtex tampons made of? According to the FDA, tampons are made of cotton, rayon, or a blend of the …Exquisite Form is an American clothing brand for women's intimates, particularly bras and shapewear for full-figured women. The brand is owned by Vanity Fair Brands, a division of Fruit of the Loom.. The brand began in 1945 with the founding of Exquisite Form Industries Inc. in New York City.Its principal products at the time were brassieres, garter belts and girdles.Aug 22, 2014 · Charles L Langs invented the first wireless, strapless and backless bras in 1948. His new brassieres, called Poses, were glued together and could even be worn on the beach Determining “firsts” in fashion history is challenging, and the invention of the brassiere is no exception. Sicily’s Villa Romana del Casale, dating to the early fourth century AD, famously houses a mosaic depicting women athletes wearing bra-like garments while throwing the discus, lifting weights, and playing ball games...Bras of the 1940s tended to be full coverage, says Boston College. Indeed, many were "longline," meaning the bottom band was located some distance from the true bottom of the bust. Perhaps most notably, bras of the 1940s focused on separating the breasts, rather than pushing them together to create cleavage.Oct 8, 2020 · And the Wonderbra was invented in the 1960s, though it took several decades to really catch on. But the hippies of the ‘60s weren’t down with boob shapers. They became rather famous for not wearing any. In 1965, designer Rudi Gernreich took the trend for softer undies and invented his “no bra” bra. Description · The micro-modal is a textile fibre obtained by spinning wood cellulose fibers, more specifically beech · This material has the particularity of ...The bra was invented by an engineer of German extraction called Onto Titzling in 1912. He was living in a New York boarding house, and one of his neighbours, a voluptuous opera singer called ...Dec 25, 2562 BE ... The Redditors mentioned a few brands in particular, Ewa Michalak and Comexim, but there are 47 companies listed on their “Polish guide.” As it ...Nov 20, 2020 · The Claire is another phenomenal everyday comfort bra for older women. Its simplicity says it all: smooth supportive dual-layer soft cups, no slip straps, and a wirefree comfort band can’t be beat. The sleek design of this bra helps smooth lose skin 360 degrees. The Bettie latex-free bra offers both support and a comfortable option for ... Learn how the bra evolved from ancient civilizations' bandages and corsets to the modern bra with various styles and functions. Discover the inventors and patents …While a 600-year-old prototype of a bra was recently found in a castle in Austria, credit for inventing the first “modern” bra goes to French designer Herminie Cadolle, who cut a corset into ...Nov 16, 2016 · Now we’re talkin’. 1930s – Brassiere is abbreviated to “bra,” and S.H. Camp and Company assigns letters (A through D) to varying cup sizes. 1940s and 1950s – Pointy “torpedo” or “bullet” bras become all the rage, especially amongst pin-up Sweater Girls such as Jayne Mansfield and Lana Turner. 1959 – Spandex is invented ... Jogbra. Lisa Lindahl (née Eugénie Louise Zobian; born November 23, 1948) is an American entrepreneur, writer, and inventor. In 1977, Lisa Lindahl co-created the "Jogbra", the first sports bra, working alongside Hinda Miller and Polly Smith. She was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 2022.. Lindahl was also involved with the Epilepsy Foundation, where she … 朗A 70-Yr-old granny made a bra for elderly ladies that is popular all around the world. Get it https://carlacharm.us/embraced Dr. Calvin Rickson, a scientist from Texas A&M University has invented a bra that keeps women’s breasts from jiggling and prevents the nipples from pushing through the fabric when cold weather sets in. At a news conference, after announcing the invention, a large group of men took Dr. Rickson outside and kicked the shit out of him. Now THAT ...Sports bras often have difficulty with fabric breathing. This new bra invention features technology by SANKOM which supports each breast individually. It also provides better alignment and comfort when worn. First, it is suitable for wearing both every day and during training. Second, the Sankom bra combines aesthetic and medical …Oct 4, 2023 · Though it’s unclear when the first of the bra’s many precursors was invented, historians have found references to bra-like garments in ancient Greek works like Homer’s Iliad, which depicts ... Underwire bra. An underwire demi bra. An underwire bra (also under wire bra, under-wire bra, or underwired bra) is a brassiere that utilizes a thin, semi-circular strip of rigid material fitted inside the brassiere fabric to help lift, separate, shape, and support a woman's breasts. The wire may be made of metal, plastic, or resin. They are all fictitious characters invented by Canadian author Wallace Reyburn for his wholly satirical “history” of the brassiere published in 1972, Bust-Up: The Uplifting Tale of Otto Titzling and the Development of the Bra. Reyburn based the names on crude, if memorable, puns – Otto Titzling (“tit-sling”), Hans Delving (“hands ...Aug 30, 2017 · LaJean Lawson; Hilary Heath; Lisa Lindahl; Rochelle Kapel; Cynthia Smith; Brooks. Forty years ago, an ordinary runner invented what she couldn’t find in stores: a sports bra. Since then ... .

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