Yale sdn 2023 - Apr 22, 2022. #1. Members don't see this ad. Thanks to @flyon_littlewing9587 for sharing this year's questions. 2022-2023 Pittsburgh Secondary Essay Prompts. 1. Tell us about a challenging problem you faced and how you resolved it. Include how the experience contributed to the person you are today. (250 words or less.) 2.

 
175. Jul 20, 2023. #7. madamemichaelscott said: Last year, Stanford sent out secondaries 5 days after the first set of primaries went out, wonder why the delay this year. The whole institution is on the brink of collapse. Jul 20, 2023. #8. BlatantPlatitude said:. Cookieclicker guide

2021-2022 Yale. This forum made possible through the generous support of SDN members, donors, and sponsors. Thank you. Thank you to @Morningnight for sharing this year's questions! 2021-2022 Yale Secondary Essay Prompts: Required Essay 1: Yale School of Medicine values diversity in all its forms.High levels of acetylcholine in the brains of mice can cause depression-like symptoms, states Dr. Marina Picciotto in Yale Scientific Magazine. In experiments with mice, researcher...Jul 3, 2023. #10. colistincanape said: All prompts max of 1525 characters: 1. Please write a brief statement giving your reasons for applying to Weill Cornell Medical College. 2. Please describe a challenge you faced and how you addressed it. 3.About the SDN Ranking. SDN Ranking identifies how SDN members perceive the quality of a school relative to other schools of the same type (e.g., other Medical Schools, other Dental schools, etc.). Schools are ranked from 1, perceived as much worse than other schools, to 5, perceived as much better than other schools.If you need any assistance with accessibility for the resources on this page, please call the Admissions Office at 203-785-2696. You may also email Senior Associate Director of Admissions, Barbara Watts directly. Welcome to Yale School of Medicine! We have prepared an incoming student checklist for you to keep track of all incoming tasks ...Next. Mar 17, 2023. #1. 2023-2024 Harvard Secondary Essay Prompts. 1. If you have already graduated, briefly (4000 characters maximum) summarize your activities since graduation. 2. If there is an important aspect of your personal background or identity not addressed elsewhere in the application that may illuminate how you could contribute to ...A new study at Yale University has identified specific brain mechanisms behind our feelings of stress. The new A new study at Yale University has identified specific brain mechanis...H. Forums. PreMed Communities. Pre-Medical (MD) 2023-2024 MD Medical School-Specific Discussions. Thank you @SmokeyBear_is_my_dad for sharing this …2023-2024 Medical College of Wisconsin (MCW) This forum made possible through the generous support of SDN members, donors, and sponsors. Thank you. 2023-2024 Medical College of Wisconsin Secondary Prompts. 1. Explain how your unique background, identity, interests, or talents will contribute to the MCW learning community. …Mar 27, 2023. #1. 2023-2024 Albany Medical College. 2023-2024 Albert Einstein College of Medicine. 2023-2024 Baylor. 2023-2024 Boston University School of Medicine. 2023-2024 Brown (Warren Alpert) 2023-2024 CA University of Science and Medicine. 2023-2024 California Northstate University.Jul 12, 2022. #20. LAF_Noir said: The 2022-2023 secondary primarily involves answering questions about volunteer and employment history. The remainder are questions about whether you participated in HU Summer Programs, have connections or legacy to HUCM, and impact of COVID on your application. 1.H. Forums. PreMed Communities. Pre-Medical (MD) 2023-2024 MD Medical School-Specific Discussions. Thank you @SmokeyBear_is_my_dad for sharing this …Apr 22, 2022. #1. Members don't see this ad. Thanks to @flyon_littlewing9587 for sharing this year's questions. 2022-2023 Pittsburgh Secondary Essay Prompts. 1. Tell us about a challenging problem you faced and how you resolved it. Include how the experience contributed to the person you are today. (250 words or less.) 2.AMCAS Application Deadline:October 15 Yale Secondary Application Deadline:November 15 Letters of Recommendation Deadline:November 15 ... 2023-2024 Budget. 2022-2023 ...I entered medical school at Yale in June of 1942 under this system. In June of 1943, all but 10 of the students in our class were inducted into the armed services. The faculty stood firm in its protection of the Yale System for the students, privates first class or midshipmen in the Navy. We had the freedom, even under the military, to learn ...Apr 24, 2022. #1. Thanks to @Health Policy Nerd for sharing this year's questions! 2022-2023 Johns Hopkins Secondary Essay Prompts (1st 5 Required) 2500 Characters Max each. 1. Briefly describe your single, most rewarding experience. Feel free to refer to an experience previously described in your AMCAS application. 2.High levels of acetylcholine in the brains of mice can cause depression-like symptoms, states Dr. Marina Picciotto in Yale Scientific Magazine. In experiments with mice, researcher...Medicine Matters Sharing successes, challenges and daily happenings in the Department of Medicine Nadia Hansel, MD, MPH, is the interim director of the Department of Medicine in th...Saying "thank you" is one thing — feeling grateful is another. This gratitude playlist will put you in the right frame of mind to practice thankfulness during the season. Saying “t...H. Forums. PreMed Communities. Pre-Medical (MD) 2023-2024 MD Medical School-Specific Discussions. Thank you @SmokeyBear_is_my_dad for sharing this …2023-2024 Wright State (Boonshoft) Secondary Essay Prompts 1. If you earned a medically related certificate/license, how many hours have you worked in that role since earning your certificate/license? If not, please enter N/A. (100 characters) 2. If there has been a significant economic hardship, please explain the circumstances.FAFSA CSS Profile Application 2023-2024 Forms YSM Applications for Financial Aid for Incoming Students 2024-2025 YSM Applications for ... Yale Medical School ...Apr 21, 2022. #1. Thank you to @AstroSidekick for sharing the questions for this year. 2022-2023 Virginia Commonwealth Secondary Essay Prompts (2000 character limit each) The last couple of years have been challenging for us all in various ways (i.e., dealing with the impacts of COVID, social unrest and injustices).According to Yale University, the sacred texts of Confucianism are five books that legend states Confucius wrote. These books are “The Book of History,” “The Book of Poetry,” “The ...Nobel Prize-winning economist Robert Shiller of Yale talks about skirt lengths as a predictor of stock market prices. By clicking "TRY IT", I agree to receive newsletters and promo...2023-2024 UCLA (Geffen) Secondary Prompts. Please note that they are strict on the prompt completion of the secondary essays: Fifteen days from the invitation to complete the Secondary application. 1) At the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, students are provided with curriculum and experiences enabling them to become an "Outstanding ...Next. Mar 17, 2023. #1. 2023-2024 Harvard Secondary Essay Prompts. 1. If you have already graduated, briefly (4000 characters maximum) summarize your activities since graduation. 2. If there is an important aspect of your personal background or identity not addressed elsewhere in the application that may illuminate how you could contribute to ...ADMIN MOD. Accepted Applicant Profiles (2022-2023) SPECIAL EDITION. As the 2023 cycle comes to a close, congratulations to everyone who has been accepted MD, DO, or MD/PhD! (For those stuck on WLs, it's not over until it's over.) Primary submission opens this week for the 2023-2024 cycle, and many current applicants are curious how last cycle ...Mar 21, 2023. #1. 2023-2024 University of Southern California (Keck) Secondary Essay Prompts: 1. What is the most fun you’ve had lately? (65 word limit) 2. If you had to give yourself a nickname, what would it be? (65 word limit)Allopathic medical school-specific discussions of secondary prompts, interview invites, experiences, and general discussions of the admissions process at a particular institution from previous years. This forum made possible through the generous support of SDN members, donors, and sponsors. Thank you. 1. 2.Located southwest of the New Haven Green and Yale`s Old Campus, Yale-New Haven Medical Center includes the School of Medicine, School of Nursing, Yale-New Haven …Mar 15, 2023. #1. 2023-2024 Carle-Illinois Secondary Prompts. Note: Carle uses a unique format for its secondary. Please read the instructions carefully. There is a video response that you have to do in addition to the below. Carle Illinois is looking for everything most other medical schools are looking for – and something more.2023-2024 Wright State (Boonshoft) Secondary Essay Prompts 1. If you earned a medically related certificate/license, how many hours have you worked in that role since earning your certificate/license? If not, please enter N/A. (100 characters) 2. If there has been a significant economic hardship, please explain the circumstances.JOSEPH JOSIAH EMRYS EDWARDS. SAMUEL DAVID JENKINS ERNEST. JESSICA LARA ESHENBAUGH. MATTHEW THOMAS FAMIGLIETTI. WEINING FANG. MINAHIL FATIMA. ROBERTO FERRINI. MARSHALL PAUL FORRESTER III. JOHN GUSTIN GRISAFI.If you applied to BOTH Philadelphia AND South Georgia on the PCOM/PCOM South Georgia AACOMAS application, please submit payment for only one location on …Box score for the Cornell Big Red vs. Yale Bulldogs NCAAF game from September 23, 2023 on ESPN. Includes all passing, rushing and receiving stats.2023-2024 DO Medical School-Specific Discussions. Osteopathic medical school-specific discussions of secondary prompts, interview invites, experiences, and general discussions of the admissions process at a particular institution. This forum made possible through the generous support of SDN members, donors, and sponsors.Located southwest of the New Haven Green and Yale`s Old Campus, Yale-New Haven Medical Center includes the School of Medicine, School of Nursing, Yale-New Haven …Apr 202320Thursday. 5:00 PM7:00 PM. Edit This Event. 04/20/2023 event : The Yale Healthcare Conference is a collaborative effort between Yale's Schools of Management, Medicine, Nursing, and Public Health. This.2. 3. Mar 15, 2023. #1. 2023-2024 Case Western Reserve Secondary Essay Prompts: **If you already submitted your secondary before July 10, don't worry!**. Required Short Answer Responses: . Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Directed Learning: The most successful medical students at our school are generally those who are intrinsically motivated, self ...Apr 24, 2022. #1. Thanks for sharing this year's questions, @Blueshirtguy. 2022-2023 Hofstra Secondary Essay Prompts: 1. Please indicate what you have been doing since the time of graduation until now. (1500 Characters) 2. Please use this space to describe any challenge or obstacle you have faced prior to your application to medical …November 2023. September 2023. June 2023. March 2023. December 2022. Recent Events Photos. ... Yale School of Medicine. Digestive Diseases. PO Box 208019. New Haven ...Doctors of Medicine, Class of 2023 211 The Work of Yale University 221 Travel Directions 224 Medical Center Map 225 Central Campus Map 226. Calendar The following dates are subject to change as the University makes decisions regarding the 2023–2024 academic year. Changes will be posted online on the School of Medicine’sNext. Mar 17, 2023. #1. 2023-2024 Harvard Secondary Essay Prompts. 1. If you have already graduated, briefly (4000 characters maximum) summarize your activities since graduation. 2. If there is an important aspect of your personal background or identity not addressed elsewhere in the application that may illuminate how you could contribute to ...Official 2023-2024 Allergy & Immunology Application Thread. DrRedstone. Jun 10, 2023. 2023 2024 allergy application fellowship immunology. This forum made possible through the generous support of SDN members, donors, and sponsors. Thank you.AL University of Alabama School of Medicine. 50-75. 14. In early April, a two-tier waitlist is created and applicants are notified of their tier placement. # of waitlist offers over the last 3 years: 2021 = 18; 2022 = 11; 2023 = 14 . AL University of South Alabama College of Medicine. Approximately 40.2023-2024. If you are not currently in college, what are your plans for this year? Required Essay 1 (Please limit your response to 500 words): Yale School of Medicine values diversity in all its forms. How will your background and experiences contribute to this important focus of our institution and inform your future role as a physician?In the space below, write a brief paragraph (max. 500 characters) explaining why you are specifically applying to the Mayo Clinic MD-PhD Program. If you opt for MD-only consideration if rejected from the MSTP though then the application adds the MD prompts. 1 user. Jul 12, 2023.For the academic year 2023-2024, the Yale MD-PhD program has 153 students currently enrolled from a variety of backgrounds and interests. Students. Organizations on this …Health Care Leadership, Systems, and Policy Doctor of Nursing Practice Class of 2023 | Yale School of Nursing. Home > Academics > Doctor of Nursing Practice > Healthcare …On the Yale campus, the year 2023 was marked by transformative change. New campus initiatives set the stage for the cross-disciplinary research necessary to …2022-2023 Maryland Secondary Essay Prompts. 1. If you’ve experienced academic problems while in college and/or graduate or professional school please describe and explain below. Please be sure to include withdrawals, incompletes, poor grades, etc. (1000 characters) 2. If a specific medical school application activity was impacted by the COVID ...Reaction score. 21,331. Mar 28, 2021. #1. Thank you to @rainbowpremed and @BRTC200 for sharing this year's questions-. 2021-2022 Columbia (Vagelos) Secondary Essay Prompts: 1.July cycle fellowship programs may begin reviewing applications at 9 a.m. ET. November 16, 2022. December cycle fellowship applicants may begin submitting applications to programs at 9 a.m. ET. December 7, 2022. December cycle fellowship programs may begin reviewing applications at 9 a.m. ET. May 31, 2023. ERAS 2023 season ends at 5 p.m. ET.2023-2024 MD Medical School-Specific Discussions. Allopathic medical school-specific discussions of secondary prompts, interview invites, and experiences, and general discussions of the admissions process at a particular institution. This forum made possible through the generous support of SDN members, donors, and sponsors. Thank you. 1. 2. 3. 4.About the SDN Ranking. SDN Ranking identifies how SDN members perceive the quality of a school relative to other schools of the same type (e.g., other Medical Schools, other Dental schools, etc.). Schools are ranked from 1, perceived as much worse than other schools, to 5, perceived as much better than other schools.Earliest test date accepted for applications submitted in 2023: January 2020. Latest test date accepted for applications submitted in 2023: Final test date in 2023. Apply to Yale via …2. 3. Mar 15, 2023. #1. 2023-2024 Case Western Reserve Secondary Essay Prompts: **If you already submitted your secondary before July 10, don't worry!**. Required Short Answer Responses: . Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Directed Learning: The most successful medical students at our school are generally those who are intrinsically motivated, self ...Please use the space below to describe any personal (ie, non-academic) life-altering experiences or changes to your plans related to the pandemic between March 2020 and September 2022. Cincinnati Medicine is preparing for a hybrid interview season (both in-person and virtual interviews will be available).Next. Mar 17, 2023. #1. 2023-2024 Harvard Secondary Essay Prompts. 1. If you have already graduated, briefly (4000 characters maximum) summarize your activities since graduation. 2. If there is an important aspect of your personal background or identity not addressed elsewhere in the application that may illuminate how you could contribute to ...This forum made possible through the generous support of SDN members, ... Oct 18, 2023. darkeon. 2022-2023 Charles R. Drew University. gyngyn; Nov 8, 2022; 33 34 35 ...Mar 21, 2023. #1. 2023-2024 University of Southern California (Keck) Secondary Essay Prompts: 1. What is the most fun you’ve had lately? (65 word limit) 2. If you had to give yourself a nickname, what would it be? (65 word limit)Yale School of Medicine invites you to take charge of your own educational path and to actively engage with it. We provide you with the flexibility and freedom ... 2023-2024 Budget. 2022-2023 Budget. 2021-2022 Budget. 2020-2021 Budget. 2019-2020 Budget. 2018-2019 Budget. 2017-2018 Budget. 2016-2017 Budget. 2015-2016 Budget. 2014-2015 Budget.Joined. Nov 23, 2022. Messages. 117. Reaction score. 574. Apr 11, 2023. #404. I sent an update/LOI in March and also felt unsure if it would make a difference but thought that it couldn't hurt.2020-2021 Yale. This forum made possible through the generous support of SDN members, donors, and sponsors. Thank you. Members don't see this ad. Please tag a pre-allo moderator when the secondary prompt is posted. Good luck to everyone applying! Yale School of Medicine values diversity in all its forms.This forum made possible through the generous support of SDN members, ... 4,457. Mar 17, 2023 #1 Thank you to @neuromed61849 for sharing this year's questions. 2023-2024 Hofstra Secondary Prompts 1. Explain why the Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell is a good fit for your medical education journey? 250 words 2. “The …Our History Partner with SDN Sponsor SDN Write for SDN Contact Us. Donate. Log In Sign Up. What's new Search. ... 2022-2023 Yale. Thread starter wysdoc; Start date Apr 21, 2022; ... Some forms ask for Yale ID but I am wondering if we input our AMCAS ID instead. Just making sure I am not missing a Yale-only ID number somewhereFALL 2023. Yale School of Nursing 2023-2024. YSN commits to ongoing comprehensive curricula reviews and revisions (CCRR) across all academic programs. CCRR will be accom-panied b y ongoing anti-oppression and andragogical training and development opportunities. Best practices related to antiracism, anti-oppression, sexual orientation, …Medicine Matters Sharing successes, challenges and daily happenings in the Department of Medicine Dr. Rexford Ahima, professor and director of the Division of Endocrinology, Diabet...Rutgers Health/New Jersey Medical School Program 7/21. Tulane 7/25. University of Arkansas 7/27. University of Kansas 7/25. University of Kentucky 7/21 (2) University of Miami-Jackson 07/25 (3) University of Nebraska Medical center 7/28. University of South Carolina (Colombia) 7/25.Apr 22, 2022. #1. Thank you to @tovarishch for sharing this years questions! 2022-2023 University of Washington Secondary Essay Prompts. 1. We recognize that the world has changed significantly due to the global pandemic. Please share how COVID-19 has impacted you, your family, your community, and/or the patients that you would like to …Apr 21, 2022. #1. Thank you to @AstroSidekick for sharing the questions for this year. 2022-2023 Virginia Commonwealth Secondary Essay Prompts (2000 character limit each) The last couple of years have been challenging for us all in various ways (i.e., dealing with the impacts of COVID, social unrest and injustices).Essay Topics. All first-year applicants will complete a few Yale-specific short answer questions. These required questions are slightly different based on the application platform an applicant chooses. The 2023-2024 Yale-specific questions for the Coalition Application, Common Application, and QuestBridge Application are detailed below.Second Look is a wonderful opportunity for accepted students to learn about life as a medical student at Yale while mingling with faculty, students, and future classmates. Second Look will be Thursday through Saturday, April 4-6, 2024. MD/PhD-specific programming will occur on Wednesday, April 3. Check-in for Second Look begins at 8am EST on ...08/07/2023 – 12/15/2023: First Year Students (Class of 2025): 01/02/2024 – 06/04/2024: Second Year Students (Class of 2024): 08/29/2023 – 12/15/2023: Second Year Students (Class of 2024): 01/02/2024 – 06/14/2024: Third Year Students (Class of 2023) : 07/03/2023 – 12/15/2023: Third Year Students (Class of 2023): 01/02/2024 – 06/14/2024Yale's Robert Shiller, who predicted the last housing bubble, says in some ways we're in another housing bubble. By clicking "TRY IT", I agree to receive newsletters and promotions...A new study from UC Berkeley, BU, Yale, and Maryland founds that rich democrats don't care about economic equality any more than rich republicans do. By clicking "TRY IT", I agree ...Congratulations to the Class of 2023 on your success in this year's MATCH! Meharry's overall match rate for this year is 96.7% with 42.8% of our matches being in …2023-2024 Yale. Thread starter wysdoc; Start date Mar 21, 2023; Tags ... I am just assuming given SDN thread this year and last year. It also seems like they were scheduling into feb (which is last month that they interview) Reactions: 1 user G. GodFirst07 Full Member. Joined Oct 17, 2023Joined. Nov 23, 2022. Messages. 117. Reaction score. 574. Apr 11, 2023. #404. I sent an update/LOI in March and also felt unsure if it would make a difference but thought that it couldn't hurt.Yale School of Medicine invites you to take charge of your own educational path and to actively engage with it. We provide you with the flexibility and freedom ... 2023-2024 Budget. 2022-2023 Budget. 2021-2022 Budget. 2020-2021 Budget. 2019-2020 Budget. 2018-2019 Budget. 2017-2018 Budget. 2016-2017 Budget. 2015-2016 Budget. 2014-2015 Budget.Nobel Prize-winning economist Robert Shiller of Yale talks about skirt lengths as a predictor of stock market prices. By clicking "TRY IT", I agree to receive newsletters and promo...Here are some resources you can use to prewrite essays, track which schools have sent out secondaries, and monitors schools' progress through the cycle. Student Doctor Network (SDN): 2023-2024 Threads: MD Schools and DO Schools. 2022-2023 Threads: MD Schools and DO Schools. 2021-2022 Threads: MD Schools and DO Schools.Mar 22, 2023. #1. Members don't see this ad. 2023-2024 Iowa (Carver) Secondary Essay Prompts. Question 1: We understand you may be applying to multiple medical schools. Please explain your reasons for applying to the Carver College of Medicine. (1500 character limit) Question 2: Describe a personal characteristic, challenge, or experience that ...

2023-2024 UCLA (Geffen) Secondary Prompts. Please note that they are strict on the prompt completion of the secondary essays: Fifteen days from the invitation to complete the Secondary application. 1) At the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, students are provided with curriculum and experiences enabling them to become an "Outstanding .... 210 grams to lbs

yale sdn 2023

4,229. Reaction score. 4,455. Mar 15, 2023. #1. 2023-2024 Brown (Alpert) Secondary Essay Prompts (question #3 is changed from last year) 1. Summarize your activities during the 2023-2024 academic year. Describe how your activities are preparing you for a medical career. (2000 characters)That's like the 70th percentile of household incomes across the US. Census data for the city of Boston (one of the most expensive cities in the US) shows that the median household income from 2022 was like 90k. If your family is making over 125k, they are well off compared to the majority of the people in the US.Mar 21, 2023. #1. 2023-2024 University of Southern California (Keck) Secondary Essay Prompts: 1. What is the most fun you’ve had lately? (65 word limit) 2. If you had to give yourself a nickname, what would it be? (65 word limit)Apr 24, 2022. #1. Thanks for sharing this year's questions, @Blueshirtguy. 2022-2023 Hofstra Secondary Essay Prompts: 1. Please indicate what you have been doing since the time of graduation until now. (1500 Characters) 2. Please use this space to describe any challenge or obstacle you have faced prior to your application to medical …2020-2021 Yale. This forum made possible through the generous support of SDN members, donors, and sponsors. Thank you. Members don't see this ad. Please tag a pre-allo moderator when the secondary prompt is posted. Good luck to everyone applying! Yale School of Medicine values diversity in all its forms.12,597. Reaction score. 21,333. Mar 23, 2023. #1. 2023-2024 Temple Secondary Essay Prompts: (all are required, each 2000 character limit) What is the nature of your interest in the Lewis Katz School of Medicine? The Admissions Committee would like to know more about you. LKSOM seeks an engaged student body with a wide variety of …Example "Snapshot" List Molecular Biology thesis research, 2015-2016 Varsity Crew, 2013-2016 (Captain, 2015-2016) 2nd Author, paper published in Cell Biology Nursing Home Volunteer, New Haven, CT, 2012-2014 Shadowing Neurosurgeon, Yale New Haven Hospital, summer 2015 Teaching Assistant, freshman biology, 2014-2015 Camp …December 18, 2023. 6 min read. On the Yale campus, the year 2023 was marked by transformative change. New campus initiatives set the stage for the cross-disciplinary research necessary to tackle the world’s most pressing challenges, and the space to do it. A groundbreaking research tool made the university’s unparalleled holdings of ...Did SDN help you achieve your goal? Share how SDN helped and be featured in SDN’s 25th-anniversary celebrations! ... Last edited: Mar 3, 2023. D. deleted1065184. Apr 27, 2022 #2 ... Yale still has the reputation to make you an attract candidate in any field, but it should be noted that Columbia’s MBA carries a weight that …Sandy Cayo. The Yale School of Nursing (YSN) Class of 2023 will soon launch their careers across the country and around the world. With that in mind, YSN faculty are sharing their best advice for the next generation of Yale nurses, midwives, and nurse scientists ahead of Commencement on May 22.2. 3. 23. Mar 15, 2023. #1. Members don't see this ad. 2023-2024 Einstein Secondary Prompts (you "could" use 3000 characters for any that need explaining, but the essays everyone "should" probably use are F and G.) **Note, many of these are only to be filled out if it applies to you or they just want basic details as opposed to essays.**.Will interview 20-24 candidates. 3 GPY-1 positions and 2 non-cats. Sep 7, 2022. #5. 1. University of Michigan: Virtual - 11/3, 11/15 - Email (9/7) Sep 8, 2022. #6. At Case, we’re having our interviews on 30-September and 4-November this year. In-person.2023-2024 Wright State (Boonshoft) Secondary Essay Prompts 1. If you earned a medically related certificate/license, how many hours have you worked in that role since earning your certificate/license? If not, please enter N/A. (100 characters) 2. If there has been a significant economic hardship, please explain the circumstances..

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